Elements of Physical Fitness

Fitness Training helps to improve 5 elements of physical fitness which including:

1. Cardiovascular Endurance.

2. Muscular Endurance.

3. Muscular Strength.

4. Flexibility.

5. Body Composition.

Cardiovascular endurance is the ability of the heart and lungs to work together to provide the needed oxygen and fuel to the body during sustained workloads. 

Examples would be jogging, cycling and swimming. The Cooper Run is used most often to test cardiovascular endurance.

Muscular strength is the amount of force a muscle can produce. 

Examples would be the bench press, leg press or bicep curl. The push up test is most often used to test muscular strength.

Muscular endurance is the ability of the muscles to perform continuous without fatiguing. 

Examples would be cycling, step machines and elliptical machines. The push up and sit up test are most often used to test muscular endurance.

Flexibility is the ability of each joint to move through the available range of motion for a specific joint. 

Examples would be stretching individual muscles or the ability to perform certain functional movements such as the lunge. The sit and reach test is most often used to test flexibility.

Body composition is the amount of fat mass compared to lean muscle mass, bone and organs. 

This can be measured using underwater weighing, skin-fold readings and bio-electrical impedance. Underwater weighing is considered the “gold standard” for body fat measurement, however because of the size and expense of the equipment needed very few places are set up to do this kind of measurement.